Druhy a súčasti pomocných prostriedkov na výrobu papiera
The so-called paper chemicals are additives added as auxiliary materials in the paper making process, so they are usually called paper additives. According to their uses, paper additives can be roughly divided into four categories: pulping additives, paper making additives, coating processing additives and other related additives.
1. Chemical aids for pulping
(1) Cooking aids: anthraquinone, tetrahydroanthraquinone, ethanolamine, etc.
(2) Waste paper deinking aids: various composite surfactants. Anionic type: carboxylate, sulfonate, phosphate, etc; Cationic type: aliphatic amine and quaternary amine salt, aromatic amine and quaternary amine salt; Non-ionic: polyoxyethylene ether.
2. Papermaking additive
(1) Retention aids: polyacrylamide, polyethylene oxide, cationic starch, amphoteric starch
(2) Defoamer: mineral oil type, fatty amide type surfactant
(3) Preservatives: organic sulfur, organic halide, quaternary amine salt
(4) Water filter: modified starch
(5) Internal sizing agent:
A. Rosin based sizing agent: rosin size, reinforced rosin size, lotion rosin size.
B. Neutral sizing agent: AKD, AsA
C. Synthetic sizing agent: petroleum resin, alkenylsuccinic acid
(6) Dry reinforcing agent: cationic starch, polyacrylamide
(7) Wet reinforcing agent: melamine formaldehyde, polyamide epichlorohydrin resin, polyethylene imide
(8) Surface treatment agent:
A. Paper surface reinforcement agent: modified starch, CMC, PVC, etc
B. Surface sizing agent: maleic anhydride modified petroleum resin, modified alkyd resin, modified starch
3. Coating aids
(1) Interlayer adhesive: anionic starch
(2) Coating adhesive: casein, styrene butadiene latex, vinegar acrylic copolymer lotion, methyl cellulose, PVA, modified starch
(3) Dispersant: sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium polyacrylate, acrylic acid and acrylamide copolymer
(4) Lubricant: calcium stearate solution, etc
(5) Defoamer: silicone, mineral oil, polyether
(6) Water-resistant agent: glyoxal, melamine formaldehyde resin, modified urea-formaldehyde resin
(7) Preservative: 1,2-phenylpropylisothiazoline-3-copper
4. Other additives
Wool cleaning agent: aminosulfonic acid, phosphate monoester, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether polyether, alkyl alcohol amide, etc;
Isolating agent: organosilicon, fatty amide, etc;
Sewage treatment agent: polyaluminum chloride, PAM of various ions, modified starch and its compound products.
At present, the widely used paper auxiliaries include AKD neutral sizing agent, cationic starch and polyacrylamide retention aids, polyether defoamer, cationic starch dry strength agent, melamine resin and epoxy polyamide wet strength agent, and amide imidazoline paper softener.
With the improvement of living standards, people have higher and higher requirements for the fancy varieties of paper, and the use of paper additives is becoming increasingly important. The composition analysis of Fuxin paper additives generally adopts spectrum (UV, IR, NMR); Chromatography (gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, ion chromatography); Mass spectrometry (mass spectrometer, GC-MS, LC-MS); Energy spectrum (fluorescence spectrum, diffraction spectrum); The thermal spectrum (thermogravimetric analyzer, differential scanning calorimeter) comprehensively analyzes the sample. Through the combined use of various separation and analysis methods, the qualitative and quantitative analysis of each component in the sample is carried out, so as to determine the structure of the component and reduce the composition and proportion information of the product.
